MacIntosh Fort (Kong Shan), located near Lin Ma Hang Village, is the second highest in altitude among the seven border MacIntosh Forts, built to guard the border and intercept illegal immigrants attempting to sneak in. The fort was constructed between 1949 and 1953, a period when a vast number of refugees fled from mainland China to Hong Kong. In 1949, Police Commissioner MacIntosh decided to build a chain of observation posts (forts) to reinforce border security. The fort was manned day and night by guards who bore the heavy responsibility of blocking illegal immigrants.
